TT -UT and Earth rotation rate from 2000 BC to 2016 AD

Earth rotation from ancient eclipse records: 2000 BC - 2016 AD

This resource provides the results of the modern analysis of eclipse and occultation timings from ancient Babylonian, China, and the Arab and European worlds through early telescope observations to modern observations in the following paper: Measurement of the Earth's rotation: 720 BC to AD 2015 (accepted 2016 November 4), published in the Royal Society's Proceedings A, 472 by Stephenson, F.R., Morrison, L.V., and Hohenkerk, C.Y. , and made freely available via Open Access.

The analysis provides an insight to the rotation of the Earth and allows formation of the change in the length of day (lod), relative to the standard day of 86400 SI seconds, and DT(t) = TT - UT1, via a spline fit using a weighted least-squares analysis of the data.

The values of DT should be used in conjunction with lunar ephemeris designated JPL DE430/LE430 in which the tidal acceleration of the Moon is -25.85"/cy².

The data of Stephenson et al are completed by the Earth angular velocity change ω - Ω with respect to the nominal velocity Ω = 7.292115 ^-5 rad/s.

Source: Her Majesty's Nautical Almanac Office

1) from -2000 to -800 : The values tabulated in the DT and lod tables have been extrapolated backwards by integration using the long term lod function
lod = +1.78 t - 4 sin(2 pi t/15)
between the years -800 to -2000, where t is the number of centuries from +1825.0.
2) from -720 to 1600 AD: The spline (continuous-black curve) that has been fitted to the observations has been evaluated, from the start at -720, then the following century years, giving both DT and the lod. DT is given to the nearest 10 seconds together with an estimate of the errors.
3) from 1600 to 1800: The spline (continuous-black curve) that has been fitted to the observations has been evaluated from 1600 to 1800 every 10 years, giving both DT and the lod. DT is given to the nearest second and the lod to nearest 0.1 ms together with an estimate of their errors.
4) from 1800 to 1850: The spline that has been fitted to the observations has been evaluated every year from 1800 to 1950. DT is given to the nearest 0.1 seconds from 1800 to 1850 and to 0.01 seconds to 1950. The lod is tabulated to nearest 0.1 ms.
5) from 1950 to 2016: The most accurate results from 1962 onwards are those derived from VLBI and other high-accuracy observations. These are available from the International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service (IERS). The less accurate DT and lod listed here are evaluated from a spline fit to the occultation observations, which has the effect of smoothing out the annual and sub-annual fluctuations in the raw data. The values are tabulated at half-yearly intervals to a precision of 0.01 seconds in DT and 0.1 ms in lod. They agree to within ±0.05 seconds with the IERS values of DT. Taken together with the occultation data before 1962, the results tabulated here show the long-term trends in these Earth's rotation parameters.

This table allows users to extract the data from the spline fit, between -720 and 2016.0, and extrapolated values elsewhere.

    DATE  DT=TT-UT1    error        LOD         error     ω -Ω        error                                                             
    year   s           s            ms          ms        picorad/s   picorad/s
   -2000   46800.00    2520.00     -69.00       3.00      58.24       2.53 
   -1900   44280.00    2520.00     -66.00       3.00      55.70       2.53 
   -1800   42120.00    2160.00     -63.00       3.00      53.17       2.53 
   -1700   39600.00    2160.00     -60.00       3.00      50.64       2.53 
   -1600   37440.00    2160.00     -57.00       3.00      48.11       2.53 
   -1600   37800.00    2160.00     -57.00       3.00      48.11       2.53 
   -1500   35640.00    1800.00     -55.00       3.00      46.42       2.53 
   -1400   33480.00    1800.00     -54.00       3.00      45.58       2.53 
   -1300   31680.00    1800.00     -54.00       3.00      45.58       2.53 
   -1200   29520.00    1440.00     -53.00       3.00      44.73       2.53 
   -1200   29520.00    1440.00     -53.00       3.00      44.73       2.53 
   -1100   27720.00    1440.00     -53.00       3.00      44.73       2.53 
   -1000   25920.00    1440.00     -53.00       3.00      44.73       2.53 
    -900   23760.00    1440.00     -52.00       3.00      43.89       2.53 
    -800   21960.00    1080.00     -51.00       3.00      43.04       2.53 
    -720   20550.00     180.00     -52.00       3.00      43.89       2.53 
    -700   20170.00     170.00     -51.00       3.00      43.04       2.53 
    -600   18400.00     160.00     -46.20       3.00      38.99       2.53 
    -500   16800.00     150.00     -41.90       3.00      35.36       2.53 
    -400   15340.00     130.00     -38.10       3.00      32.16       2.53 
    -300   14000.00     120.00     -34.90       3.00      29.46       2.53 
    -200   12780.00     110.00     -32.20       3.00      27.18       2.53 
    -100   11640.00     100.00     -30.10       3.00      25.40       2.53 
       0   10570.00      90.00     -28.50       3.00      24.05       2.53 
     100    9560.00      80.00     -27.40       3.00      23.13       2.53 
     200    8570.00      70.00     -26.80       3.00      22.62       2.53 
     300    7590.00      60.00     -26.80       3.00      22.62       2.53 
     400    6600.00      50.00     -27.30       3.00      23.04       2.53 
     500    5600.00      40.00     -27.50       3.00      23.21       2.53 
     600    4600.00      40.00     -26.80       3.00      22.62       2.53 
     700    3660.00      30.00     -25.00       3.00      21.10       2.53 
     800    2790.00      25.00     -22.20       3.00      18.74       2.53 
     900    2050.00      20.00     -18.30       3.00      15.45       2.53 
    1000    1470.00      15.00     -13.40       3.00      11.31       2.53 
    1100    1070.00      15.00      -8.80       3.00       7.43       2.53 
    1200     800.00      15.00      -5.80       3.00       4.90       2.53 
    1300     630.00      15.00      -4.30       3.00       3.63       2.53 
    1400     470.00      15.00      -4.30       3.00       3.63       2.53 
    1500     290.00      15.00      -5.90       3.00       4.98       2.53 
    1600      90.00      15.00      -3.70       3.00       3.12       2.53 
    1610      77.00      15.00      -3.00       3.00       2.53       2.53 
    1620      67.00      20.00      -2.50       3.00       2.11       2.53 
    1630      58.00      20.00      -2.20       3.00       1.86       2.53 
    1640      51.00      20.00      -2.00       3.00       1.69       2.53 
    1650      44.00      20.00      -1.90       3.00       1.60       2.53 
    1660      37.00      15.00      -1.90       3.00       1.60       2.53 
    1670      30.00      10.00      -1.80       2.00       1.52       1.69 
    1670      30.00      10.00      -1.80       2.40       1.52       2.03 
    1680      24.00       5.00      -1.60       2.20       1.35       1.86 
    1690      19.00       5.00      -1.30       1.90       1.10       1.60 
    1700      15.00       5.00      -1.00       1.60       0.84       1.35 
    1710      12.00       5.00      -0.50       1.40       0.42       1.18 
    1720      11.00       5.00       0.00       1.30      -0.00       1.10 
    1730      11.00       2.00       0.40       1.10      -0.34       0.93 
    1740      13.00       2.00       0.70       1.00      -0.59       0.84 
    1740      13.00       2.00       0.70       1.00      -0.59       0.84 
    1750      16.00       2.00       0.80       0.80      -0.68       0.68 
    1760      19.00       2.00       0.70       0.70      -0.59       0.59 
    1770      21.00       1.00       0.50       0.60      -0.42       0.51 
    1780      22.00       1.00       0.10       0.50      -0.08       0.42 
    1790      22.00       1.00      -0.50       0.40       0.42       0.34 
    1800      18.70       0.50      -1.20       0.30       1.01       0.25 
    1801      18.30       0.50      -1.30       0.30       1.10       0.25 
    1802      17.80       0.40      -1.30       0.30       1.10       0.25 
    1803      17.30       0.40      -1.30       0.30       1.10       0.25 
    1804      16.90       0.40      -1.20       0.30       1.01       0.25 
    1805      16.40       0.30      -1.10       0.30       0.93       0.25 
    1806      16.00       0.30      -1.00       0.30       0.84       0.25 
    1807      15.70       0.30      -0.80       0.30       0.68       0.25 
    1808      15.50       0.30      -0.60       0.30       0.51       0.25 
    1809      15.30       0.20      -0.30       0.30       0.25       0.25 
    1810      15.30       0.20       0.00       0.30      -0.00       0.25 
    1811      15.30       0.20       0.30       0.30      -0.25       0.25 
    1812      15.50       0.20       0.50       0.30      -0.42       0.25 
    1813      15.70       0.20       0.70       0.30      -0.59       0.25 
    1814      15.90       0.20       0.70       0.30      -0.59       0.25 
    1815      16.20       0.20       0.70       0.30      -0.59       0.25 
    1816      16.40       0.20       0.60       0.30      -0.51       0.25 
    1817      16.60       0.20       0.50       0.30      -0.42       0.25 
    1818      16.80       0.20       0.20       0.30      -0.17       0.25 
    1819      16.80       0.20      -0.10       0.30       0.08       0.25 
    1820      16.70       0.20      -0.50       0.30       0.42       0.25 
    1821      16.40       0.20      -0.90       0.30       0.76       0.25 
    1822      16.00       0.20      -1.20       0.30       1.01       0.25 
    1823      15.50       0.20      -1.50       0.30       1.27       0.25 
    1824      14.90       0.20      -1.70       0.30       1.43       0.25 
    1825      14.30       0.20      -1.90       0.30       1.60       0.25 
    1826      13.60       0.20      -2.00       0.30       1.69       0.25 
    1827      12.80       0.20      -2.00       0.30       1.69       0.25 
    1828      12.10       0.20      -2.00       0.30       1.69       0.25 
    1829      11.40       0.20      -1.90       0.30       1.60       0.25 
    1830      10.80       0.20      -1.70       0.20       1.43       0.17 
    1831      10.20       0.10      -1.50       0.20       1.27       0.17 
    1832       9.70       0.10      -1.30       0.20       1.10       0.17 
    1833       9.20       0.10      -1.20       0.20       1.01       0.17 
    1834       8.80       0.10      -1.00       0.20       0.84       0.17 
    1835       8.50       0.10      -0.80       0.20       0.68       0.17 
    1836       8.20       0.10      -0.70       0.20       0.59       0.17 
    1837       8.00       0.10      -0.50       0.20       0.42       0.17 
    1838       7.80       0.10      -0.40       0.20       0.34       0.17 
    1839       7.70       0.10      -0.20       0.20       0.17       0.17 
    1840       7.70       0.10      -0.10       0.20       0.08       0.17 
    1841       7.70       0.10       0.00       0.20      -0.00       0.17 
    1842       7.70       0.10       0.10       0.20      -0.08       0.17 
    1843       7.80       0.10       0.30       0.20      -0.25       0.17 
    1844       7.90       0.10       0.40       0.20      -0.34       0.17 
    1845       8.00       0.10       0.50       0.20      -0.42       0.17 
    1846       8.20       0.10       0.60       0.20      -0.51       0.17 
    1847       8.50       0.10       0.70       0.20      -0.59       0.17 
    1848       8.70       0.10       0.80       0.20      -0.68       0.17 
    1849       9.00       0.10       0.80       0.20      -0.68       0.17 
    1850       9.30       0.10       0.90       0.20      -0.76       0.17 
    1850       9.32       0.10       0.90       0.20      -0.76       0.17 
    1851       9.65       0.10       0.90       0.20      -0.76       0.17 
    1852       9.97       0.10       0.80       0.20      -0.68       0.17 
    1853      10.23       0.10       0.60       0.20      -0.51       0.17 
    1854      10.38       0.10       0.20       0.20      -0.17       0.17 
    1855      10.38       0.10      -0.30       0.20       0.25       0.17 
    1856      10.20       0.10      -0.70       0.20       0.59       0.17 
    1857       9.90       0.10      -0.90       0.20       0.76       0.17 
    1858       9.55       0.10      -0.90       0.20       0.76       0.17 
    1859       9.24       0.10      -0.70       0.20       0.59       0.17 
    1860       9.04       0.10      -0.30       0.20       0.25       0.17 
    1861       8.99       0.10       0.00       0.20      -0.00       0.17 
    1862       9.01       0.10       0.00       0.20      -0.00       0.17 
    1863       8.97       0.10      -0.30       0.20       0.25       0.17 
    1864       8.76       0.10      -0.90       0.20       0.76       0.17 
    1865       8.26       0.10      -1.90       0.20       1.60       0.17 
    1866       7.38       0.10      -2.80       0.20       2.36       0.17 
    1867       6.22       0.10      -3.40       0.20       2.87       0.17 
    1868       4.92       0.10      -3.70       0.20       3.12       0.17 
    1869       3.59       0.10      -3.50       0.20       2.95       0.17 
    1870       2.37       0.05      -3.10       0.20       2.62       0.17 
    1871       1.36       0.05      -2.50       0.20       2.11       0.17 
    1872       0.55       0.05      -2.00       0.20       1.69       0.17 
    1873      -0.10       0.05      -1.60       0.20       1.35       0.17 
    1874      -0.65       0.05      -1.40       0.20       1.18       0.17 
    1875      -1.13       0.05      -1.30       0.20       1.10       0.17 
    1876      -1.58       0.05      -1.20       0.20       1.01       0.17 
    1877      -2.01       0.05      -1.20       0.20       1.01       0.17 
    1878      -2.43       0.05      -1.10       0.20       0.93       0.17 
    1879      -2.83       0.05      -1.10       0.20       0.93       0.17 
    1880      -3.21       0.05      -1.00       0.20       0.84       0.17 
    1881      -3.58       0.05      -1.00       0.20       0.84       0.17 
    1882      -3.91       0.05      -0.80       0.20       0.68       0.17 
    1883      -4.17       0.05      -0.60       0.20       0.51       0.17 
    1884      -4.34       0.05      -0.30       0.20       0.25       0.17 
    1885      -4.39       0.05       0.10       0.20      -0.08       0.17 
    1886      -4.31       0.05       0.40       0.20      -0.34       0.17 
    1887      -4.14       0.05       0.50       0.20      -0.42       0.17 
    1888      -3.97       0.05       0.40       0.20      -0.34       0.17 
    1889      -3.86       0.05       0.20       0.10      -0.17       0.08 
    1890      -3.88       0.05      -0.30       0.10       0.25       0.08 
    1891      -4.07       0.05      -0.70       0.10       0.59       0.08 
    1892      -4.37       0.05      -0.90       0.10       0.76       0.08 
    1893      -4.69       0.05      -0.80       0.10       0.68       0.08 
    1894      -4.93       0.05      -0.50       0.10       0.42       0.08 
    1895      -5.02       0.05       0.10       0.10      -0.08       0.08 
    1896      -4.87       0.05       0.70       0.10      -0.59       0.08 
    1897      -4.48       0.05       1.40       0.10      -1.18       0.08 
    1898      -3.86       0.05       2.00       0.10      -1.69       0.08 
    1899      -3.02       0.05       2.60       0.10      -2.19       0.08 
    1900      -1.98       0.05       3.10       0.10      -2.62       0.08 
    1900      -1.98       0.05       3.10       0.10      -2.62       0.08 
    1901      -0.75       0.05       3.60       0.10      -3.04       0.08 
    1902       0.62       0.05       3.90       0.10      -3.29       0.08 
    1903       2.06       0.05       4.00       0.10      -3.38       0.08 
    1904       3.51       0.05       3.90       0.10      -3.29       0.08 
    1905       4.92       0.05       3.70       0.10      -3.12       0.08 
    1906       6.24       0.05       3.50       0.10      -2.95       0.08 
    1907       7.49       0.05       3.30       0.10      -2.79       0.08 
    1908       8.70       0.05       3.30       0.10      -2.79       0.08 
    1909       9.90       0.05       3.30       0.10      -2.79       0.08 
    1910      11.14       0.05       3.50       0.10      -2.95       0.08 
    1911      12.43       0.05       3.60       0.10      -3.04       0.08 
    1912      13.75       0.05       3.60       0.10      -3.04       0.08 
    1913      15.06       0.05       3.50       0.10      -2.95       0.08 
    1914      16.32       0.05       3.30       0.10      -2.79       0.08 
    1915      17.48       0.05       3.00       0.10      -2.53       0.08 
    1916      18.52       0.05       2.70       0.10      -2.28       0.08 
    1917      19.44       0.05       2.40       0.10      -2.03       0.08 
    1918      20.25       0.05       2.10       0.10      -1.77       0.08 
    1919      20.98       0.05       1.90       0.10      -1.60       0.08 
    1920      21.62       0.05       1.70       0.10      -1.43       0.08 
    1921      22.19       0.05       1.50       0.10      -1.27       0.08 
    1922      22.69       0.05       1.30       0.10      -1.10       0.08 
    1923      23.12       0.05       1.10       0.10      -0.93       0.08 
    1924      23.49       0.05       0.90       0.10      -0.76       0.08 
    1925      23.79       0.05       0.70       0.10      -0.59       0.08 
    1926      24.02       0.05       0.60       0.10      -0.51       0.08 
    1927      24.20       0.05       0.40       0.10      -0.34       0.08 
    1928      24.32       0.05       0.30       0.10      -0.25       0.08 
    1929      24.39       0.05       0.10       0.10      -0.08       0.08 
    1930      24.42       0.05       0.00       0.10      -0.00       0.08 
    1931      24.41       0.05      -0.10       0.10       0.08       0.08 
    1932      24.38       0.05      -0.10       0.10       0.08       0.08 
    1933      24.32       0.05      -0.20       0.10       0.17       0.08 
    1934      24.25       0.05      -0.20       0.10       0.17       0.08 
    1935      24.16       0.05      -0.20       0.10       0.17       0.08 
    1936      24.08       0.05      -0.20       0.10       0.17       0.08 
    1937      24.04       0.05      -0.10       0.10       0.08       0.08 
    1938      24.06       0.05       0.20       0.10      -0.17       0.08 
    1939      24.17       0.05       0.50       0.10      -0.42       0.08 
    1940      24.43       0.05       0.90       0.10      -0.76       0.08 
    1941      24.83       0.05       1.30       0.10      -1.10       0.08 
    1942      25.35       0.05       1.50       0.10      -1.27       0.08 
    1943      25.92       0.05       1.60       0.10      -1.35       0.08 
    1944      26.51       0.05       1.60       0.10      -1.35       0.08 
    1945      27.05       0.05       1.40       0.10      -1.18       0.08 
    1946      27.51       0.05       1.10       0.10      -0.93       0.08 
    1947      27.89       0.05       1.00       0.10      -0.84       0.08 
    1948      28.24       0.05       0.90       0.05      -0.76       0.04 
    1949      28.58       0.05       0.90       0.05      -0.76       0.04 
    1950      28.93       0.05       1.00       0.05      -0.84       0.04 
    1950      29.12       0.05       1.10       0.05      -0.93       0.04 
    1951      29.32       0.05       1.10       0.05      -0.93       0.04 
    1952      29.52       0.05       1.00       0.05      -0.84       0.04 
    1952      29.70       0.05       1.00       0.05      -0.84       0.04 
    1952      29.86       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    1953      30.00       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    1954      30.11       0.05       0.50       0.05      -0.42       0.04 
    1954      30.20       0.05       0.50       0.05      -0.42       0.04 
    1954      30.30       0.05       0.50       0.05      -0.42       0.04 
    1955      30.41       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    1956      30.56       0.05       0.90       0.05      -0.76       0.04 
    1956      30.76       0.05       1.30       0.05      -1.10       0.04 
    1956      31.03       0.05       1.60       0.05      -1.35       0.04 
    1957      31.34       0.05       1.80       0.05      -1.52       0.04 
    1958      31.68       0.05       1.90       0.05      -1.60       0.04 
    1958      32.03       0.05       1.90       0.05      -1.60       0.04 
    1958      32.36       0.05       1.70       0.05      -1.43       0.04 
    1959      32.65       0.05       1.40       0.05      -1.18       0.04 
    1960      32.89       0.05       1.10       0.05      -0.93       0.04 
    1960      33.07       0.05       0.90       0.05      -0.76       0.04 
    1960      33.23       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    1961      33.36       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    1962      33.49       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    1962      33.62       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    1962      33.78       0.05       0.90       0.05      -0.76       0.04 
    1963      33.96       0.05       1.10       0.05      -0.93       0.04 
    1964      34.18       0.05       1.30       0.05      -1.10       0.04 
    1964      34.44       0.05       1.50       0.05      -1.27       0.04 
    1964      34.74       0.05       1.80       0.05      -1.52       0.04 
    1965      35.09       0.05       2.10       0.05      -1.77       0.04 
    1966      35.50       0.05       2.30       0.05      -1.94       0.04 
    1966      35.95       0.05       2.60       0.05      -2.19       0.04 
    1966      36.43       0.05       2.70       0.05      -2.28       0.04 
    1967      36.93       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1968      37.45       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1968      37.96       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1968      38.46       0.05       2.70       0.05      -2.28       0.04 
    1969      38.95       0.05       2.70       0.05      -2.28       0.04 
    1970      39.44       0.05       2.70       0.05      -2.28       0.04 
    1970      39.93       0.05       2.70       0.05      -2.28       0.04 
    1970      40.43       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1971      40.95       0.05       2.90       0.05      -2.45       0.04 
    1972      41.49       0.05       3.00       0.05      -2.53       0.04 
    1972      42.04       0.05       3.00       0.05      -2.53       0.04 
    1972      42.04       0.05       3.00       0.05      -2.53       0.04 
    1972      42.59       0.05       3.10       0.05      -2.62       0.04 
    1973      43.15       0.05       3.00       0.05      -2.53       0.04 
    1974      43.70       0.05       3.00       0.05      -2.53       0.04 
    1974      44.24       0.05       2.90       0.05      -2.45       0.04 
    1974      44.77       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1975      45.28       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1976      45.78       0.05       2.70       0.05      -2.28       0.04 
    1976      46.28       0.05       2.70       0.05      -2.28       0.04 
    1976      46.78       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1977      47.29       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1978      47.81       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1978      48.33       0.05       2.90       0.05      -2.45       0.04 
    1978      48.85       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1979      49.37       0.05       2.80       0.05      -2.36       0.04 
    1980      49.87       0.05       2.70       0.05      -2.28       0.04 
    1980      50.36       0.05       2.60       0.05      -2.19       0.04 
    1980      50.83       0.05       2.50       0.05      -2.11       0.04 
    1981      51.28       0.05       2.40       0.05      -2.03       0.04 
    1982      51.71       0.05       2.30       0.05      -1.94       0.04 
    1982      52.13       0.05       2.30       0.05      -1.94       0.04 
    1982      52.54       0.05       2.20       0.05      -1.86       0.04 
    1983      52.94       0.05       2.10       0.05      -1.77       0.04 
    1984      53.32       0.05       2.10       0.05      -1.77       0.04 
    1984      53.70       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1984      54.06       0.05       1.90       0.05      -1.60       0.04 
    1985      54.39       0.05       1.80       0.05      -1.52       0.04 
    1986      54.70       0.05       1.60       0.05      -1.35       0.04 
    1986      54.98       0.05       1.40       0.05      -1.18       0.04 
    1986      55.23       0.05       1.30       0.05      -1.10       0.04 
    1987      55.46       0.05       1.20       0.05      -1.01       0.04 
    1988      55.67       0.05       1.20       0.05      -1.01       0.04 
    1988      55.89       0.05       1.20       0.05      -1.01       0.04 
    1988      56.12       0.05       1.30       0.05      -1.10       0.04 
    1989      56.37       0.05       1.50       0.05      -1.27       0.04 
    1990      56.67       0.05       1.70       0.05      -1.43       0.04 
    1990      56.99       0.05       1.90       0.05      -1.60       0.04 
    1990      57.34       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1991      57.70       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1992      58.08       0.05       2.10       0.05      -1.77       0.04 
    1992      58.45       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1992      58.82       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1993      59.19       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1994      59.55       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1994      59.92       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1994      59.92       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1994      60.30       0.05       2.10       0.05      -1.77       0.04 
    1995      60.68       0.05       2.10       0.05      -1.77       0.04 
    1996      61.07       0.05       2.20       0.05      -1.86       0.04 
    1996      61.46       0.05       2.20       0.05      -1.86       0.04 
    1996      61.85       0.05       2.10       0.05      -1.77       0.04 
    1997      62.23       0.05       2.00       0.05      -1.69       0.04 
    1998      62.58       0.05       1.80       0.05      -1.52       0.04 
    1998      62.90       0.05       1.60       0.05      -1.35       0.04 
    1998      63.18       0.05       1.40       0.05      -1.18       0.04 
    1999      63.42       0.05       1.20       0.05      -1.01       0.04 
    2000      63.63       0.05       1.10       0.05      -0.93       0.04 
    2000      63.81       0.05       0.90       0.05      -0.76       0.04 
    2000      63.96       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    2001      64.08       0.05       0.60       0.05      -0.51       0.04 
    2002      64.18       0.05       0.50       0.05      -0.42       0.04 
    2002      64.27       0.05       0.40       0.05      -0.34       0.04 
    2002      64.34       0.05       0.40       0.05      -0.34       0.04 
    2003      64.41       0.05       0.40       0.05      -0.34       0.04 
    2004      64.48       0.05       0.40       0.05      -0.34       0.04 
    2004      64.55       0.05       0.40       0.05      -0.34       0.04 
    2004      64.64       0.05       0.50       0.05      -0.42       0.04 
    2005      64.73       0.05       0.50       0.05      -0.42       0.04 
    2006      64.83       0.05       0.60       0.05      -0.51       0.04 
    2006      64.94       0.05       0.60       0.05      -0.51       0.04 
    2006      65.06       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    2007      65.19       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    2008      65.33       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    2008      65.48       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    2008      65.63       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    2009      65.78       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    2010      65.92       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    2010      66.06       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    2010      66.20       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    2011      66.33       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    2012      66.46       0.05       0.70       0.05      -0.59       0.04 
    2012      66.60       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04 
    2012      66.75       0.05       0.90       0.05      -0.76       0.04 
    2013      66.92       0.05       1.00       0.05      -0.84       0.04 
    2014      67.10       0.05       1.00       0.05      -0.84       0.04 
    2014      67.30       0.05       1.10       0.05      -0.93       0.04 
    2014      67.50       0.05       1.10       0.05      -0.93       0.04 
    2015      67.69       0.05       1.10       0.05      -0.93       0.04 
    2016      67.88       0.05       1.00       0.05      -0.84       0.04 
    2016      68.04       0.05       0.80       0.05      -0.68       0.04

Historical variation in lenght of day from 2000 BC to 2016 AD (reference value is 86400 s TAI)